Sohanram Nayak was trying to retrieve the angry animal after it broke free of its ropes and ran after another camel in Panchu village, Bikaner, in the state of Rajasthan, on Monday night.
The animal then grabbed its owner by the neck, threw him to the ground and 'chewed off his head', according to the Times of India.
Angry villagers carrying sticks tied the camel to a tree and beat it to death.
Reports from the area suggest that the camel was beaten by members of the victim's family. After a post-mortem, Sohanram Nayak's body was handed over to his family.
So far, no one has spoken out against the killing of the state animal.
In 2015, the northern Indian state of Rajasthan made it illegal to kill or injure camels. The offence is spelt out in the Rajasthan Camel Bill 2015, which is a good name for it. It carries a fine and up to five years in prison.
In recent years, the number of camels in the area has declined, which the bill calls "alarming". It also says that camels are "an important part of the state's desert ecosystem".
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