J. B. Danquah’s memory will live as long as Ghana lives – Akufo-Addo

According to him, J. B. Danquah was a prolific writer who was not shy to put his arguments across, gave the name Ghana when it gained its independence and led a most public life.

In a tweet remembering the passing of J. B. Danquah 54-years ago in prison, President Akufo-Addo wrote “54 years ago today, one of the most extraordinary persons that Ghana has ever given to the world, J.B. Danquah, died at the Nsawam Medium Security prisons under the most ignominious conditions, chained to the wall in detention without trial in a cell for condemned convicts.”

Joseph Kwame Kyeretwie Boakye Danquah popularly known as J. B. Danquah died in detention on February 4, 1965.

On January 8, 1964, Danquah was arrested and imprisoned at the Nsawam Medium Security Prison for allegedly plotting to overthrow Osagyefo Dr Kwame Nkrumah, Ghana’s first President.

After a year in detention without trial, J. B. Danquah died from a heart attack in prison on February 4, 1965.

He was only honoured with a national funeral by the National Liberation Council (NLC) which overthrew Nkrumah in a military coup led by General Joseph Ankrah on February 24, 1966.

Whilst in prison, J. B. Danquah wrote a very ‘chilling’ letter to Osagyefo stating that he was tired of being in prison on preventive detention without an opportunity to make any contribution to the progress and development of Ghana.

He then begged and appealed to Nkrumah to make an order for his release so that he can go back to his family.

“I am anxious to resume my contribution to the progress and development of Ghana in the field of Ghanaian literature (Twi and English), and in Ghana Research (History and Culture), and I am anxious also to establish my wife and children in a home, to develop the education of my children (ten of them) and to restore my parental home at Kibi (Yiadom House) to a respectable dignity, worthy of my late father’s own contribution to the progress of our country,” Danquah’s letter reads.

He added “In the present case, since I was arrested four months ago, I have not been asked to appear before any Judge, or Committee, or Commission, and, up to now, all I have been told is contained in a sheet of paper entitled “Grounds for Detention” in which I am accused that “in recent months” I have been actively engaged in a plan “to overthrow the Government of Ghana by unlawful means” and that I have planned thereby “to endanger the security of the State” (the Police and Armed Forces).”

Read below J. B. Danquah's letter to Kwame Nkrumah

His Excellency,

Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, P.C., LL.D., etc.,

President of the Republic of Ghana,

Flagstaff House, Accra.

Dear Dr. Nkrumah,

I am tired of being in prison on preventive detention with no opportunity to make an original or any contribution to the progress and development of the country, and I therefore respectfully write to beg, and appeal to you to make an order for my release and return home.

I am anxious to resume my contribution to the progress and development of Ghana in the field of Ghanaian literature (Twi and English), and in Ghana Research (History and Culture), and I am anxious also to establish my wife and children in a home, to develop the education of my children (ten of them) and to restore my parental home at Kibi (Yiadom House) to a respectable dignity, worthy of my late father’s own contribution to the progress of our country.

You will recall that when in 1948 we were arrested by the British Government and sent to the North for detention they treated us as gentlemen, not as galley slaves, and provided each of us with a furnished bungalow (two or three rooms) with a garden, together with opportunity for reading and writing. In fact, I took with me my typewriter and papers for the purpose, and Ako Adjei also did the same, and there was ample opportunity for correspondence.

Here at Nsawam, for the four months of my detention up to date (8th January to 9th May 1964), I have not been allowed access to my books and papers, except the Bible, and although I was told in January that my application to write to my wife, Mrs Elizabeth Danquah, could be considered if I addressed a letter to the Minister of the Interior, through the Director of Prisons, I have not, for over three months, since I wrote to the Minister as directed on the 31st January 1964, received any reply, not even a common acknowledgment from the Minister as to whether I should be allowed to write to my wife or not. As I had no opportunity to make any financial provision for my wife and children at the time of my arrest, this delay in the Minister’s reply has made it impossible for me to contribute to the progress and maintenance of my wife and also for the education of my children as is my duty to the nation.

Secondly, you will recall that barely a month after our detention in the North in 1948 we were brought down to Accra and released to appear before a Commission of Enquiry set up to investigate the justice or otherwise of our arrest and detention. We duly appeared before the Watson Commission and made history for Gold Coast and Ghana. It resulted in the finding that the Burns Constitution was outmoded at birth, with a recommendation that our country should attain its independence within ten years, and that a Constitutional Committee (the Coussey Committee) should be set up to lay down the foundations of such independence and the steps to be taken towards its attainment.

In the present case, since I was arrested four months ago, I have not been asked to appear before any Judge, or Committee, or Commission, and, up to now, all I have been told is contained in a sheet of paper entitled “Grounds for Detention” in which I am accused that “in recent months” I have been actively engaged in a plan “to overthrow the Government of Ghana by unlawful means” and that I have planned thereby “to endanger the security of the State” (the Police and Armed Forces).

As no particulars of any kind were provided in the grounds for detention to indicate how the Government of Ghana came to formulate such a disgraceful charge against me, I spent in the prison here the greater part of January and February 1964 to write a review of the whole of my activities in “recent months” (roughly, from June 1962 [last release from detention] to January 1964). This writing was done by way of “Representations” in answer to the charge…

I confidently assure you, Sir, that when my representations reach you, it will be realised that my contribution in the said period of “recent months” to the intellectual and cultural achievement of the country was such that what should have been sent to me on January 8, 1964, was not a hostile invasion of my home and family, like enemy territory, together with my arrest and detention, but rather a delegation of Ghanaian civil officials and other dignitaries to offer me the congratulations of the nation and the thanks of the Government…

This, however was not to be, and I find myself locked up at Nsawam Prison in a cell of about six by nine feet, without a writing or reading desk, without a dining table, without a bed, or a chair or any form of seat, and compelled to eat my food squatting on the same floor where two blankets and a cover are spread for me on the hard cement to sleep on, and where a latrine pan (piss pot) without a closet, and a water jug and a cup without a locker, are all assembled in that narrow space for my use like a galley slave…

I am required to sleep or keep lying down on the blankets and a small pillow for the whole 24 hours of the day and night except for a short period of about five minutes in the morning to empty and wash out my latrine pan, and of about ten to fifteen minutes at noon to go for a bath. I am occasionally allowed to do a short exercise in the sun say once a week for about half an hour. That is all I have been engaged on in four months with my talents, such as I possess, going waste and my health being undermined and my life endangered by various diseases without being allowed to be taken to the Prison Hospital for continuous observation and treatment…

I am now left in a prison cell at the Special Block at the Nsawam Prison reserved for “dangerous criminals”, and I am being thereby effectively prevented from making any original contribution to the intellectual and cultural progress of our country…

I end as I began. I am tired of being kept in prison kicking my heels, and doing nothing worth while for the country of my birth and love, and for the great continent of Africa which was the first to give the entire world a real taste of civilisation… I trust you will accept this appeal for my release from detention in the spirit of utmost confidence and cordiality in which it is written, and I look forward to my early release from prison with the greatest possible faith, expectation and confidence.

Believe me to be,

Yours Very Sincerely and Respectfully

(Sgd.) J. B. Danquah

54 years ago today, one of the most extraordinary persons that Ghana has ever given to the world, J.B. Danquah, died at the Nsawam Medium Security prisons under the most ignominious conditions, chained to the wall in detention without trial in a cell for condemned convicts.

— Nana Akufo-Addo (@NAkufoAddo) February 4, 2019

He had led a most public life, he wrote profusely, was not shy of arguments, and gave our nation its name of Ghana. I believe I will not overreach myself when I say that Danquah’s memory will continue to live, at least, for as long as this nation Ghana lives.

— Nana Akufo-Addo (@NAkufoAddo) February 4, 2019

May His Soul continue to rest and abide in the bosom of the Almighty until the last day of the Resurrection when we shall all meet again. Amen. #JBDanquah

— Nana Akufo-Addo (@NAkufoAddo) February 4, 2019